Radiodistributie

Radiodistributie, or radio distribution, refers to the transport of radio frequency signals from a central source to multiple endpoints across a network. It is used in broadcasting, telecommunications, and wireless infrastructure to deliver signals with controlled levels and spectral characteristics over a geographic area.

Core components include signal sources (transmitters and distribution heads), distribution media (coaxial cables, fiber, waveguides, or microwave links), splitters and combiners to branch or merge paths, amplifiers to compensate loss, attenuators for level control, filters to shape the spectrum, and impedance-matching elements to preserve signal integrity. The goal is to maintain signal quality while minimizing loss and interference.

Architectures vary from cascaded point-to-multipoint splitter networks; centralized distribution with a headend or hub deploying RF over fiber or coax; RF over fiber links for long-haul or high-frequency use; to campus- or building-scale networks feeding multiple antennas. In CATV and broadcast, trunk-and-feeder topologies distribute channels from a headend to subscriber outlets; in mobile networks, the distribution network feeds remote radio heads or antennas.

Key considerations include total loss (loss budgets), isolation between branches, return loss, and impedance matching (commonly 50 ohms or 75 ohms). Other factors are crosstalk, environmental conditions, spectrum regulations, and system maintenance. Ongoing monitoring tracks signal levels, latency, and fault conditions.

Recent trends include RF over fiber, digital or software-defined distribution, and integration with centralized radio access networks. Radiodistributie provides scalable coverage and easier maintenance, but can introduce latency, nonlinearities, and regulatory constraints that must be managed.