RNAMaterial

RNAMaterial is a term used in materials science to describe substances whose functional properties derive from RNA. It covers materials that incorporate RNA as a structural component or as a programmable template for assembly. Broadly, RNAMaterial includes RNA-based hydrogels, RNA nanostructures formed by self-assembly, and composites in which RNA interacts with polymers, proteins, or inorganic components. The defining feature is programmability: RNA sequences dictate folding, binding, and response to stimuli, enabling dynamic materials that can alter conformation, stiffness, or affinity in response to environmental cues.

Fabrication combines nucleic acid chemistry with materials processing. Common approaches use in vitro transcription or chemical synthesis of RNA, followed by controlled assembly via RNA origami, hybridization, or conjugation to other polymers or particles. Design challenges include maintaining RNA stability against nucleases, achieving correct folding in the final material, and balancing biocompatibility with performance. Researchers employ chemical modifications, protective matrices, and encapsulation to improve durability. Issues such as batch consistency and scalable production are active areas of study, reflecting the nascent state of the field.

Proposed applications span biomedicine, including programmable drug delivery systems and tissue-compatible scaffolds, as well as sensing, diagnostics, and environmentally responsive materials. The field sits at the intersection of nucleic acid nanotechnology and materials science, with ongoing work to integrate RNA-based components into traditional matrices. As understanding of RNA structure–property relationships grows, RNAMaterial concepts may yield versatile, programmable materials for research and clinical use.