Püelonefriidiga

Püelonefriit is a type of urinary tract infection (UTI) that affects one or both kidneys. It is a serious infection that can lead to permanent kidney damage if not treated promptly. The infection typically starts in the lower urinary tract, such as the bladder or urethra, and then travels up to the kidneys.

Common symptoms of pyelonephritis include fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, and flank pain, which is pain in the back or side. Other symptoms can include painful urination, frequent urination, and a feeling of urgency to urinate. In some cases, particularly in young children or the elderly, symptoms may be less specific and include irritability or lethargy.

Pyelonephritis is usually caused by bacteria that enter the urinary tract. Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the most common culprit. Factors that increase the risk of developing pyelonephritis include female anatomy, sexual activity, certain types of birth control, and blockages in the urinary tract, such as kidney stones. Pregnant women are also at higher risk.

Diagnosis of pyelonephritis typically involves a physical examination, urine tests to identify bacteria and white blood cells, and sometimes imaging tests like an ultrasound or CT scan to check for blockages or kidney damage. Treatment usually consists of antibiotics. Severe cases may require hospitalization for intravenous antibiotics and fluid management. Prompt medical attention is crucial to prevent complications.