Pöördejõudu

Pöördejõudu, also known as torque, is a rotational force that causes an object to rotate about an axis. It is the rotational equivalent of linear force. Torque is produced when a force is applied at a distance from the pivot point or axis of rotation. The magnitude of torque depends on three factors: the magnitude of the applied force, the distance from the pivot point to where the force is applied (lever arm), and the angle between the force vector and the lever arm vector.

The formula for torque is typically expressed as τ = r × F, where τ (tau) represents torque, r is the lever arm vector, and F is the force vector. The cross product indicates that torque is a vector quantity, with its direction determined by the right-hand rule. In simpler terms, if you imagine gripping the lever arm with your right hand such that your fingers curl in the direction of rotation caused by the force, your thumb points in the direction of the torque vector.

In the International System of Units (SI), torque is measured in newton-metres (N⋅m). While dimensionally equivalent to energy (joules), the unit newton-metre is preferred for torque to distinguish it from energy. Torque is a fundamental concept in physics and engineering, crucial for understanding the behavior of rotating machinery, the mechanics of levers, and the principles of rotational dynamics. Examples include tightening a bolt with a wrench, pedaling a bicycle, or the force exerted by an engine on a driveshaft.