Põhjaveehorisont

Põhjaveehorisont, also known as the water table, is the upper surface of a zone of soil or rock that is saturated with water. It represents the level below which the ground is filled with groundwater. The depth of the põhjaveehorisont can vary significantly depending on factors such as rainfall, topography, soil type, and the presence of underlying impermeable layers. In areas with high precipitation or near surface water bodies like lakes and rivers, the põhjaveehorisont tends to be closer to the surface. Conversely, in arid regions or on hilltops, it can be found at much greater depths.

The põhjaveehorisont is not a static entity; it fluctuates seasonally. It typically rises after periods of significant rainfall or snowmelt and recedes during dry spells. These fluctuations are crucial for ecosystems, influencing vegetation growth and the availability of water for wells and springs. Understanding the põhjaveehorisont is essential for activities such as groundwater management, agricultural planning, and the construction of infrastructure, as it directly impacts the accessibility and stability of the subsurface environment.