Põhivõigused

Põhivõigused, meaning fundamental rights, are a set of basic human rights that are considered essential for human dignity and freedom. These rights are typically enshrined in a country's constitution or in international human rights treaties. They serve as a cornerstone of democratic societies, protecting individuals from arbitrary state power and ensuring their ability to live a fulfilling life.

The specific nature and scope of põhivõigused can vary between different legal systems. However, common examples include the right to life, liberty, and security of person; freedom of speech, religion, and assembly; the right to a fair trial; and protection from discrimination. These rights are often considered inalienable, meaning they cannot be taken away or surrendered.

The protection of põhivõigused is a fundamental responsibility of the state. Legal and judicial mechanisms are established to uphold these rights and provide remedies when they are violated. International bodies also play a role in monitoring and promoting the observance of fundamental rights globally. Upholding põhivõigused is seen as crucial for fostering social justice, equality, and peace.