Pupillareakciók

Pupillareakciók, or pupillary reactions, refer to the changes in the size of the pupil in response to various stimuli. These reactions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system and are essential for maintaining visual acuity and adapting to different lighting conditions.

The primary pupillary reactions include:

Mydriasis: This is the dilation of the pupil in response to dim light or the parasympathetic nervous system. It increases the amount of light entering the eye, enhancing vision in low-light conditions. Mydriasis is often observed in dark environments or when looking at distant objects.

Miosis: This is the constriction of the pupil in response to bright light or the sympathetic nervous system. It reduces the amount of light entering the eye, protecting the retina from excessive light and glare. Miosis is commonly seen in bright environments or when looking at nearby objects.

Near response: This reaction occurs when focusing on nearby objects, causing the pupil to constrict. It is mediated by the ciliary muscles and is essential for clear vision at short distances.

Far response: This reaction occurs when focusing on distant objects, causing the pupil to dilate. It is also mediated by the ciliary muscles and is crucial for clear vision at long distances.

Pupillary reactions are crucial for visual function and are often assessed in clinical settings to evaluate the health of the autonomic nervous system. Abnormalities in pupillary reactions can indicate underlying neurological or ophthalmological conditions.