Puntal

Puntal is a construction term referring to a temporary support element, typically a vertical member used to bear loads during the erection of structures. It functions as a prop or shoring piece to keep formwork, arches, or beams in place until the permanent elements gain strength.

In practice, puntales can be wooden poles or steel props. Wooden puntales are positioned under joists or formwork, while steel puntales are adjustable screw or telescopic jacks that can be set to precise heights. The spacing, length, and load capacity depend on the structure, height, and soil conditions, and they are typically selected according to engineering guidelines.

When used under arches, vaults, or other stressed components, puntales resist thrust and prevent outward movement. They are braced and anchored to prevent sinking or tipping, and their installation is coordinated with other temporary supports to maintain overall stability during construction.

Removal is staged and coordinated with the progressive hardening of the structure, transferring loads gradually from the puntales to the completed elements to avoid sudden shifts or collapse. Safety checks and load verifications are standard practice in sites employing puntales.

The term puntal appears mainly in Spanish-speaking construction, civil engineering, and masonry contexts. In English, the corresponding concept is commonly referred to as props or shoring props, found in formwork systems and temporary support arrangements. See also formwork, scaffolding, and shoring.