PseudocholinesteraseAktivität

Pseudocholinesterase, also known as butyrylcholinesterase or plasma cholinesterase, is an enzyme found primarily in the blood plasma. It is distinct from acetylcholinesterase, which is crucial for nerve function. Pseudocholinesterase plays a role in the hydrolysis of various ester compounds, including certain drugs, and is thought to be involved in lipid metabolism and the detoxification of certain xenobiotics.

Genetic variations in the gene encoding pseudocholinesterase can lead to reduced enzyme activity. The most clinically significant consequence of this reduction is a prolonged and exaggerated response to certain muscle relaxant drugs, such as succinylcholine, which are used during anesthesia. Individuals with these genetic variations may experience prolonged paralysis and respiratory depression after surgery, requiring extended mechanical ventilation.

Diagnosis of pseudocholinesterase deficiency typically involves measuring enzyme activity in blood plasma. Genetic testing can identify specific mutations responsible for the deficiency. Management focuses on avoiding trigger medications and providing supportive care, including prolonged mechanical ventilation if necessary, in individuals who experience an adverse reaction. While often associated with anesthetic complications, pseudocholinesterase deficiency is generally considered a benign condition in the absence of exposure to susceptible drugs.