Prémetastáticos

Prémetastáticos is a term used in oncology to describe the state of cancer cells that have acquired the ability to metastasize but have not yet formed macroscopic secondary tumors. These cells are considered to be in a transitional phase, having undergone genetic and epigenetic changes that promote invasion and migration from the primary tumor site. While not yet detectable as a separate tumor mass, prémetastáticos cells are capable of circulating in the bloodstream or lymphatic system and establishing micrometastases.

The identification and understanding of prémetastáticos cells are crucial for developing more effective cancer treatments. Strategies that target these cells could potentially prevent the formation of distant metastases, which are the primary cause of cancer-related deaths. Research in this area focuses on identifying specific molecular markers and pathways associated with the prémetastático state. This includes investigating changes in cell adhesion molecules, extracellular matrix degradation enzymes, and signaling pathways involved in cell motility and survival.

Detecting prémetastáticos cells is a significant challenge in current clinical practice. Traditional imaging techniques are not sensitive enough to identify these microscopic populations of cancer cells. However, advancements in liquid biopsy techniques, such as the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), offer promising avenues for detecting and monitoring prémetastático disease. Further research is ongoing to refine these methods and translate them into routine clinical applications for improved patient outcomes.