Propionibakteereja

Propionibakteereja is a genus of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria found in various environments, including the skin of humans and animals, and in dairy products. These bacteria are characterized by their ability to produce propionic acid as a metabolic byproduct through fermentation. This unique metabolic pathway is crucial for their ecological roles and industrial applications.

In the human body, propionibacteria are part of the normal skin flora and are thought to play a role in maintaining skin health. However, certain species can also be opportunistic pathogens, causing infections in immunocompromised individuals. Their presence on the skin is often associated with acne, though the exact relationship is complex and still under investigation.

Industrially, propionibacteria are vital in the production of certain cheeses, most notably Swiss-type cheeses like Emmental. In these cheeses, propionic acid contributes to the characteristic nutty flavor, and the carbon dioxide produced during fermentation forms the characteristic "eyes" or holes in the cheese. They are also used in the synthesis of propionic acid for use as a food preservative and in animal feed.

The genus Propionibacterium was reclassified, with many species now belonging to the genus Propionimicrobium. However, the term "propionibakteereja" is still commonly used to refer to bacteria within this group. Research continues to explore their diverse metabolic capabilities and potential applications in biotechnology and medicine.