Procapra

Procapra is a genus of three species of antelopes native to Central Asia. These species are the Mongolian gazelle, Przewalski's gazelle, and the goitered gazelle. They are characterized by their slender build, long legs, and distinctive spiral horns, which are present in both males and females, though typically larger in males. Procapra species are adapted to arid and semi-arid environments, inhabiting steppes, deserts, and rocky plains. Their diet consists mainly of grasses, herbs, and shrubs.

The Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa) is the most widespread, found across Mongolia and parts of China and Russia. They are known for their large migratory herds. Przewalski's gazelle (Procapra przewalskii) is critically endangered and is found in a small, isolated population in Qinghai Province, China. The goitered gazelle (Procapra subgutturosa) has a wider distribution across Central Asia, from Kazakhstan to Iran. This species is recognizable by the swollen throat area in males during the breeding season, hence the name "goitered."

All Procapra species are herbivores and play a role in the steppe and desert ecosystems. They are prey animals for predators such as wolves and eagles. Conservation efforts are underway for Przewalski's gazelle due to its precarious status, while the other two species face threats from habitat loss, hunting, and competition with livestock.