Proantocyjanidyns

Proantocyjanidyny, often abbreviated as PACs, are a class of polyphenolic compounds found abundantly in plants. They are members of the flavonoid family and are characterized by their polymeric structure, meaning they are composed of repeating units of flavan-3-ols. These compounds are widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, bark, and leaves, with notable sources including cranberries, blueberries, grapes, apples, pine bark, and cocoa beans.

The chemical structure of proantocyjanidyns can vary depending on the number of repeating units, the type of flavan-3-ol subunits, and the nature of the inter-flavan bonds. This structural diversity contributes to the wide range of biological activities attributed to these compounds. They are often classified based on their degree of polymerization, such as monomers (catechins), dimers, trimers, and oligomers.

Proantocyjanidyns are known for their potent antioxidant properties, which are believed to contribute to their various health-promoting effects. They can scavenge free radicals, thereby protecting cells from oxidative damage. Research has explored their potential roles in cardiovascular health, urinary tract health, cognitive function, and as anti-inflammatory agents. Due to their prevalence in the diet and their diverse biological actions, proantocyjanidyns are a subject of ongoing scientific investigation.