Prionurus

Prionurus is a genus of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Acanthuridae, commonly known as surgeonfish. These fish are characterized by their compressed bodies and a prominent, spine-like projection on each side of the caudal peduncle, which gives the family its common name. The genus Prionurus is distinguished by having multiple spines on each side, typically three to five, arranged in a row.

Species within the Prionurus genus are found in the Indo-Pacific region, inhabiting coral reefs and rocky areas. They are primarily herbivorous, feeding on algae scraped from surfaces. Their vibrant coloration often serves as camouflage within the reef environment, though some species exhibit striking patterns. Prionurus surgeonfish are generally solitary or found in small groups. The caudal spines, while a defense mechanism, can also be used for fighting with rivals.

Examples of species within this genus include the Spotted Surgeonfish (Prionurus punctatus) and the Blackfin Surgeonfish (Prionurus atriceps). These fish are of interest to marine biologists and are sometimes observed by divers. Their ecological role in maintaining algae populations on reefs is significant.