Prepravu

Prepravu is the Slovak term denoting the transport or shipment of goods and people from one location to another. The cognate Czech term is přeprava, and the concept covers the planning, execution, and management of moving items in logistics, trade, and service contexts.

Modes of transport include road, rail, maritime, air, and inland waterways. Multimodal transport combines two or more modes under a single transport contract. Logistics planning considers distance, weight, volume, handling requirements, deadlines, and the regulatory status of goods, including whether they are classified as hazardous.

Key activities in prepravu include carrier selection, route planning, scheduling, packaging, labeling, loading and unloading, and handover. Documentation is essential: for international transport, common documents include the bill of lading or waybill, CMR consignment note for road, CIM for rail, and customs declarations. Incoterms define responsibilities and cost allocation between buyer and seller.

Legal framework: International transport is governed by conventions such as the CMR Convention for road transport and CIM for rail, along with national laws. Safety and environmental rules regulate packaging, weight limits, hazardous materials (ADR for road), and insurance requirements to manage risk during transit.

Prepravu is a central concept in logistics and supply chains, enabling efficient movement of goods and people. It intersects with procurement, manufacturing, and distribution, influencing delivery times, costs, and service quality.