Polüüretaan

Polyurethane is a versatile polymer composed of organic units joined by carbamate (urethane) links. It is formed by the reaction of a polyol with a di- or poly-isocyanate. This reaction can be controlled to create a wide range of materials with diverse properties, from rigid foams to flexible elastomers and durable coatings. The specific properties of polyurethane are determined by the choice of polyol and isocyanate used in its synthesis, as well as the addition of various catalysts and additives.

Polyurethanes are widely used in many industries due to their adaptability. In the construction sector, they are employed as insulating foams, sealants, and adhesives. The automotive industry utilizes them for seating, dashboards, and bumpers. Flexible polyurethane foams are common in furniture and bedding for comfort and support. Durable polyurethane coatings protect surfaces from abrasion, chemicals, and weathering, finding applications in flooring, wood finishes, and protective paints.

The manufacturing process for polyurethanes can involve either a batch or continuous system. The resulting product can take various forms including foams, elastomers, fibers, and adhesives. While generally considered safe, some isocyanates used in polyurethane production can be respiratory sensitizers, necessitating proper handling and ventilation during manufacturing. Recycling of polyurethane products is an ongoing area of research and development, with various methods being explored to recover and reuse these valuable materials.