Polylactidkopolüglükoolhape

Polylactidkopolüglükoolhape, often abbreviated as PLGA, is a biodegradable and biocompatible copolymer synthesized from lactic acid and glycolic acid. These two monomers are polymerized to form a chain, with the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid influencing the copolymer's properties. PLGA is a thermoplastic polyester, meaning it can be melted and reshaped. Its degradation rate in biological environments is a key characteristic, varying from weeks to several years depending on the specific composition and molecular weight. This degradation process occurs through hydrolysis, breaking down the polymer into its constituent monomers, which are then naturally metabolized by the body.

The versatility of PLGA has led to its widespread use in various biomedical applications. It is commonly employed as a material for drug delivery systems, where it can encapsulate therapeutic agents and release them in a controlled manner over time. This controlled release mechanism helps to improve drug efficacy and reduce dosing frequency. PLGA is also used in the fabrication of biodegradable implants, sutures, and tissue engineering scaffolds. Its ability to degrade safely within the body eliminates the need for surgical removal, making it an attractive alternative to permanent materials. Research continues to explore new applications and modifications of PLGA to further enhance its utility in medicine and other fields.