Polyetylen

Polyethylene, often abbreviated as PE, is a widely produced thermoplastic polymer. It is a versatile material known for its low cost, ease of processing, and desirable properties such as flexibility, chemical resistance, and good electrical insulation. Polyethylene is synthesized through the polymerization of ethylene monomers.

There are several major types of polyethylene, distinguished by their molecular structure and consequently their properties. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is characterized by its highly branched molecular chains, which lead to flexibility and transparency. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) has a more linear structure with fewer branches, resulting in a stiffer, stronger, and more opaque material. Linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) offers a combination of properties, exhibiting good puncture resistance and flexibility. Ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) possesses exceptionally long chains, giving it outstanding wear resistance and impact strength, making it suitable for demanding applications.

Polyethylene finds extensive use across numerous industries. Packaging is a primary application, including films for food wrapping, plastic bags, and bottles. It is also used in pipes for water and gas distribution, containers, toys, and as an insulator for electrical cables. Its inertness and resistance to corrosion make it suitable for many chemical applications. The production of polyethylene is a significant part of the global petrochemical industry, with ongoing research focused on improving its properties and sustainability, including the development of recycled and bio-based polyethylene.