Polarrööndis

Polarrööndis refers to the polar vortex, a large area of low pressure and cold air that surrounds the Earth's poles. It is most prominent during the winter months and is strongest in the stratosphere, though its effects can extend down into the troposphere. The polar vortex is a persistent feature of the Earth's atmosphere, driven by the temperature contrast between the poles and the equator.

The strength and position of the polar vortex can fluctuate. When the vortex is strong and well-defined, it tends to keep the coldest air confined to the polar regions. However, when the polar vortex weakens or becomes displaced, it can lead to outbreaks of extremely cold weather in mid-latitude regions. These disruptions can bring frigid temperatures, heavy snow, and icy conditions far from the Arctic.

Scientists monitor the polar vortex to understand its behavior and potential impacts on weather patterns. Changes in the vortex are influenced by various factors, including stratospheric warming events, which can disrupt the vortex and cause it to buckle or split. These events are a subject of ongoing research in atmospheric science, as they can have significant consequences for regional climate and weather. The term "polarrööndis" is a direct translation from Estonian, referring to this atmospheric phenomenon.