Polaritität

Polaritität (also known as polaritons) refers to a phenomenon in physics where interacting fields, typically consisting of bosons and Fermions, create a quasiparticle with unique properties. This phenomenon is characterized by the existence of a qualitatively new type of field excitation, distinct from the individual fields it arises from.

The concept of polaritäten was first described by Haven Wolkow in 1935, although it gained more attention with the introduction of the concept of exciton-polariton by Soviet physicists in the 1950s. Research into this phenomenon has been conducted in various fields, including quantum optics, solid-state physics, and condensed matter physics.

In a process known as polaritonic coupling, two fields or excitations, such as the charge carrier and the oscillator field, can create a hybridized quasiparticle. This hybridization is due to the Coulomb interaction between the constituent excitations. The resulting polariton combines the properties of both fields, making it predominantly either bosonic or fermionic in nature, depending on the presence of exciton or the relative strengths of the contributing fields.

Researchers often study polaritons in one-dimensional or quasi-one-dimensional materials to better understand their properties and the associated couplings. This involves applying, and studying the properties of, various materials and configurations to analyze and develop the polarition-mediated interactions. its implications in potential applications. Experimentation and theoretical modeling of these interactions has been continued, so investigate further research and applications.