Poissuljettava

Poissuljettava is a term used in economics to describe a good or service from which access can be restricted to paying customers or authorized users. Excludability is the ability to prevent others from consuming the good, typically through price, licensing, membership requirements, or physical barriers. It is one axis in the common two-by-two classification of goods, paired with rivalry in consumption.

An excludable good is usually associated with private or club goods, where providers can restrict access and allocate resources via pricing or rules. Common examples include paid software, streaming services, toll roads, licensed broadcasts, and private clubs. In contrast, non-excludable goods are those where excluding non-payers is difficult or impractical, such as many public goods or certain common resources. Club goods are excludable and non-rivalrous up to a congestion point, after which rivalry increases.

Implications of excludability influence market outcomes and public policy. Excludable goods enable price-based allocation and profitable provision by private actors, reducing free-rider problems. Non-excludable goods, by contrast, pose challenges for funding and provision, often requiring public provision or collective financing. In the digital era, excludability is enhanced by technologies like licensing and digital rights management, though enforcement can be circumvented, affecting effective excludability.

In summary, poissuljettava describes the characteristic of being detachable from consumption for non-payers, shaping how goods are supplied, financed, and governed.