Plumber

A plumber is a tradesperson who installs, maintains, and repairs systems that supply potable water, remove waste, and control heating in buildings. Plumbers work in residential, commercial, and industrial settings to ensure safe water delivery, proper drainage, and reliable operation of plumbing fixtures and appliances.

Typical duties include reading blueprints, measuring and cutting pipe, installing pipes and fittings, and connecting water, drainage, and vent systems. Plumbers install and repair fixtures such as sinks, toilets, showers, and water heaters, repair leaks, unclog drains, and perform routine maintenance. They may also install gas lines where permitted by law and advise on system upgrades, efficiency, and code compliance.

Training generally begins with an apprenticeship that combines classroom instruction with on-the-job experience, often lasting several years. Some regions require completion of technical programs or community college coursework. Licensure or certification is common and may require passing exams and demonstrating practical experience. Senior plumbers may pursue advancement to master plumber status, which may involve additional qualifications.

Common tools and materials include pipe wrenches, pipe cutters, soldering or brazing equipment, threading tools, and a variety of pipes, fittings, and sealants. Work environments vary from new construction to repair work in existing buildings and can involve on-call emergencies, confined spaces, and physical exertion.

Safety and regulatory considerations emphasize adherence to local building codes and standards. Licensing or certification for certain tasks, such as gas work, is often required. Plumbers must stay informed about changes in codes, materials, and best practices to ensure safe, compliant, and efficient plumbing systems.