Pitotmérberendezések

Pitotmérberendezések, often referred to as Pitot tubes, are instruments used to measure fluid flow velocity. The principle behind their operation is based on Bernoulli's principle, which relates pressure, velocity, and elevation in a moving fluid. A Pitot tube typically consists of a thin tube pointed directly into the fluid stream. This tube has an opening at the tip that is open to the flow, measuring the stagnation pressure, which is the pressure at a point where the fluid is brought to rest.

A secondary opening, often located perpendicular to the main tube or on its side, measures the static pressure of the fluid, which is the pressure exerted by the fluid in its static state. The difference between the stagnation pressure and the static pressure is known as the dynamic pressure. This dynamic pressure is directly proportional to the square of the fluid's velocity. By measuring these two pressures and knowing the fluid's density, the velocity can be calculated using the derived formula.

Pitot tubes are widely used in various applications, including aviation for measuring airspeed, in wind tunnels to study airflow, and in industrial processes to monitor fluid speeds in pipes or ducts. They are relatively simple in design and can provide accurate measurements under specific conditions. However, their accuracy can be affected by factors such as turbulence, the presence of solid particles in the fluid, and misalignment with the flow. Different configurations of Pitot tubes exist, such as those with multiple sensing ports, to improve accuracy and measure velocity profiles.