Pistooli

Pistooli is a handheld firearm designed for one‑handed or controlled two‑handed use. In Finnish usage the term refers to what in English is called a pistol or handgun. Pistools are generally compact, with a short barrel and grip, and are designed to fire cartridges from a chamber.

Most modern pistols are semi‑automatic, meaning the firearm automatically chambers the next round from a fixed magazine after each shot, while the spent cartridge is ejected. A smaller group of pistols are revolvers, which use a rotating cylinder to present multiple chambers. Semi‑automatic pistols typically rely on a slide to cycle, while revolvers use a hammer or striker mechanism to fire each chamber in turn. Common safety features include manual safeties, trigger safeties, and drop or firing‑pin safeties, along with rules of safe handling.

Caliber selection varies, but 9×19mm Parabellum is among the most widely used for general purpose pistols. Other common calibers include .45 ACP, .40 S&W, and various smaller cartridges. Pistos are manufactured in a wide range of sizes and configurations, from compact models for concealed carry to full‑size services pistols used by police and military forces. Notable examples of contemporary pistols come from manufacturers such as Glock, Beretta, SIG Sauer, Colt, and CZ.

Historically, pistols emerged in the Middle Ages with matchlock and wheellock designs, evolving through percussion caps to the era of self‑contained cartridges in the 19th century. The 20th century saw rapid development of semiautomatic designs and polymer frames, which shaped modern practical pistols.

Regulation and use vary widely by country, but responsible ownership emphasizes safe storage, clear handling rules, and compliance with local laws.