Pigmentläsionen

Pigmentläsionen refer to changes in the skin's natural pigmentation. These can manifest as areas that are lighter or darker than the surrounding skin. They can be congenital, meaning present at birth, or acquired later in life.

Common types of pigmentläsionen include nevi, also known as moles, which are collections of melanocytes, the cells that produce melanin. Lentigines, or age spots, are another frequent type, often appearing on sun-exposed areas. Melasma is a condition characterized by patches of darkened skin, typically on the face, and is often associated with hormonal changes. Vitiligo is a distinct condition where melanocytes are destroyed, leading to depigmented patches of skin.

The causes of pigmentläsionen are varied. Genetics plays a role in many, such as the predisposition to develop moles. Sun exposure is a significant factor, contributing to the development of lentigines and influencing the color of existing nevi. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly during pregnancy or with the use of oral contraceptives, can trigger melasma. Autoimmune processes are believed to be involved in vitiligo.

Diagnosis of pigmentläsionen typically involves a visual examination by a dermatologist. In some cases, a biopsy may be performed to rule out more serious conditions like melanoma. Treatment approaches depend on the type of lesion and the underlying cause. Some lesions, like benign moles, may not require treatment. Others, like melasma, can be managed with topical creams or procedures. Vitiligo treatment aims to restore pigmentation, though complete repigmentation is not always achievable.