Perusnäöntarkastus

Perusnäöntarkastus, also known as a basic eye examination, is a routine procedure performed by an optometrist or ophthalmologist to assess a person's vision and overall eye health. The primary goal is to detect any vision problems or diseases early, ensuring timely treatment and management.

During a perusnäöntarkastus, several tests are typically conducted. Visual acuity is measured using a Snellen chart to determine how clearly a person can see at various distances. This often involves identifying letters or numbers on the chart. Refraction testing, using a phoropter or autorefractor, is performed to identify refractive errors such as myopia (nearsightedness), hyperopia (farsightedness), and astigmatism. This helps determine the correct prescription for eyeglasses or contact lenses.

Beyond vision acuity, the examination includes assessing eye coordination and muscle function. Tests like the cover test can reveal strabismus (crossed eyes) or amblyopia (lazy eye). Peripheral vision may also be tested to detect any blind spots that could indicate neurological issues or glaucoma.

A crucial part of the perusnäöntarkastus involves examining the internal and external structures of the eye. This includes checking the eyelids, cornea, iris, lens, and retina. Dilation of the pupils with eye drops may be necessary to allow for a more thorough view of the retina and optic nerve, helping to diagnose conditions like cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Intraocular pressure is measured using tonometry to screen for glaucoma.

The perusnäöntarkastus is recommended for individuals of all ages, with frequency varying based on age, risk factors, and previous eye health. It is a vital preventive measure for maintaining good vision and detecting serious eye conditions before they cause significant or permanent damage.