Perkusj

Perkusj, or percussion, refers to the family of musical instruments that produce sound primarily by being struck, shaken, or scraped. The term covers a wide range of instruments used in many musical genres. In classification, percussion is often divided into pitched and unpitched instruments. Pitched percussion includes timpani, xylophone, marimba, vibraphone, glockenspiel, and mallet keyboards that produce defined pitches. Unpitched percussion includes drums and percussion like snare drum, bass drum, tambourine, triangle, claves, cymbals, and gong, where the sounds do not form discrete musical notes in the same way.

A common internal classification distinguishes idiophones (body of the instrument vibrates to produce sound, as with cymbals and wood blocks) from membranophones (membrane vibrates, as with drums) and electronic percussion. The drum set, used widely in jazz, rock, and pop, combines several unpitched drums and cymbals played by one player. World percussion includes instruments such as the tabla, djembe, congas, cajón, and maracas, reflecting regional traditions.

Player techniques vary: sticks, mallets, hands, and brushes; tuning, dampening, and articulation affect tone and rhythm. Perkusj is essential in maintaining rhythm and color in ensembles, providing rhythmic drive, texture, and, for pitched instruments, melodic or harmonic color. Modern percussion often integrates electronic pads and synthesis to extend timbres. The field encompasses orchestral, band, studio, and live performance contexts, with a lasting influence across many musical styles.