Perkeltas

Perkeltas are a traditional Finnish string instrument that belongs to the family of bowed zithers. The name "perkeltas" is derived from the Finnish words *perke* (meaning "to pluck") and *laulu* (meaning "song"), though it is more commonly associated with its distinctive sound and construction. The instrument is also sometimes referred to as a *kantele* in some regional contexts, though it is distinct from the more widely known Finnish kantele.

The perkeltas typically features a trapezoidal wooden body with a curved neck and a series of metal strings stretched over a soundboard. It is played by plucking or strumming the strings with the fingers while simultaneously bowing them with a small, curved bow held in the other hand. This combination of plucking and bowing produces a rich, resonant tone that blends elements of both zither and lute. The instrument is often used in folk music, particularly in the regions of Finland where it has been historically significant.

Historically, perkeltas were crafted by local artisans and were common in rural areas, serving as both a musical instrument and a cultural symbol. Their construction varied by region, with differences in string arrangement, body shape, and materials used. While the perkeltas was once widely played, its use declined in the 20th century as other instruments gained popularity. However, efforts by folk music revivalists have helped preserve the instrument, and it remains a unique part of Finnish musical heritage.

Today, perkeltas are occasionally featured in contemporary folk music performances, experimental compositions, and cultural festivals. Musicians continue to explore its sonic possibilities, adapting traditional techniques to modern styles. The instrument’s distinct sound and historical roots make it a fascinating subject for both ethnomusicologists and enthusiasts of traditional music.