Peritoneaaldialüüsis

Peritoneaaldialüüsis is a method of treating kidney failure where the peritoneum, the membrane lining the abdomen, is used as a filter. This treatment involves introducing a sterile dialysis solution into the peritoneal cavity through a surgically placed catheter. The solution stays in the abdomen for a prescribed period, during which it draws waste products and excess fluid from the bloodstream through the peritoneal membrane. This process is known as diffusion and osmosis.

After the dwell time, the used solution, now containing the waste and excess fluid, is drained from the abdomen and discarded. This cycle of filling, dwelling, and draining is repeated several times a day or overnight, depending on the specific type of peritoneaaldialüüsis prescribed. There are two main types: continuous ambulatory peritoneaaldialüüsis (CAPD), which is done manually throughout the day, and automated peritoneaaldialüüsis (APD), which uses a machine to perform the exchanges overnight.

Peritoneaaldialüüsis offers patients greater flexibility and independence compared to hemodialysis, as it can often be performed at home. It is generally considered a gentler treatment, and it preserves more residual kidney function for longer. However, it requires patient education and adherence to strict sterile techniques to prevent infection, particularly peritonitis, which is inflammation of the peritoneum. The long-term effectiveness and suitability of peritoneaaldialüüsis depend on individual patient health, lifestyle, and the expertise of the healthcare team.