Pawpaw

Pawpaw is the common name for the fruit of the North American pawpaw tree, Asimina triloba, a small to medium deciduous tree native to eastern North America. In some regions, the term pawpaw is also used for papaya (Carica papaya); the two fruits are not closely related botanically, and papaya is tropical.

The tree typically reaches 3–9 meters in height and bears clusters of oblong fruits about 7–12 centimeters long. Unripe fruit is green; ripe fruit turns yellow and yields gently to pressure. The flesh is pale yellow, custard-like, and sweet with a tropical aroma. There are several large brown seeds inside the creamy flesh.

Pawpaw flowers attract beetles and rely on cross-pollination between individuals to set fruit. Trees prefer rich, well-drained soils and can grow in full sun to light shade. They are hardy in USDA zones 4–8 and can be grown from seed or grafted cultivars. Fruit production often begins after several years and can continue for many years with proper care.

The fruit is eaten fresh or used in desserts, smoothies, pies, and jams. It is nutrient-rich, providing vitamin C and dietary fiber, among other nutrients. The flesh spoils quickly after harvest, so prompt consumption or processing is common. The seeds contain toxins and should not be eaten.

Asimina triloba is the only temperate member of the Annonaceae family in North America. The name pawpaw may cause confusion where it overlaps with the widely grown papaya in other regions.