Patologiczna

Patologiczna is the feminine singular form of the Polish adjective patologiczny, meaning “pathological” or “relating to pathology.” In Polish, adjectives agree with the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify; therefore patologiczna is used with feminine nouns such as choroba (disease), zmiana (change), or tkanka (tissue). The term is common in medical, scientific, and descriptive language to indicate disease-related or abnormal characteristics, and it can also appear in figurative speech to denote deviance or excess.

Etymology and grammar: The word derives from the Greek pathos (suffering) and the suffix -logia, via Latin patologia, and entered Polish through medical terminology. The related forms are patologiczny (masculine) and patologiczne (neuter).

Medical usage: In medicine and pathology, patologia describes disease processes, while adjectives such as patologiczny refer to features connected with disease. For example, patologiczna zmiana can denote a tissue alteration associated with disease. The term is used descriptively in clinical notes, laboratory reports, and scientific writing.

Figurative usage: Outside strict medicine, patologiczna remains common in figurative language to label behavior or phenomena as abnormal or excessive. Phrases like zachowanie patologiczne (pathological behavior) or przypadek patologiczny (pathological case) appear in journalism and academia to emphasize severity or deviance, though in clinical contexts more precise terms are typically preferred.

See also: Pathology; Pathologist; Patologia; Patologiczny.