Passiivsed
Passiivsed refers to the passive voice and related forms in Estonian grammar. The term describes constructions where the action is performed on the subject rather than by the subject, or where the agent performing the action is not stated. Passives are often used to foreground the recipient of the action, to generalize statements, or to avoid naming the agent.
In Estonian, passive forms are built on the verb stem with specific suffixes. The present passive is
Agent marking: The agent of a passive clause can be specified with a prepositional phrase in genitive,
Usage and style: Passives are common in formal, written Estonian, including news, official reports, and academic