Parästhesien

Parästhesien, often experienced as tingling, prickling, numbness, or a "pins and needles" sensation, are abnormal sensations that occur without an apparent physical cause. These sensations typically arise from issues within the nervous system, affecting either the peripheral nerves or the central nervous system.

Common causes of parästhesien include prolonged pressure on a nerve, such as when sitting or sleeping in an awkward position. However, they can also be a symptom of underlying medical conditions. These conditions range from nerve compression syndromes like carpal tunnel syndrome to metabolic disorders such as diabetes, which can damage nerves over time. Vitamin deficiencies, particularly of B vitamins, are also known to contribute to parästhesien.

Neurological conditions like multiple sclerosis or stroke can manifest with parästhesien as nerves are affected. Certain medications, especially chemotherapy drugs, can also induce these abnormal sensations as a side effect. Anxiety and hyperventilation can also lead to temporary parästhesien due to changes in blood flow and oxygen levels.

Diagnosis usually involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and sometimes diagnostic tests like nerve conduction studies or blood tests to identify the underlying cause. Treatment focuses on addressing the root cause, which might involve relieving nerve pressure, managing chronic conditions, adjusting medications, or supplementing deficiencies. In many cases, parästhesien resolve once the underlying issue is treated.