Parnitha

Parnitha, also known as Parnítha (Greek: Πάρνηθα), is a mountain range in central Greece, located north of Athens. It is the highest mountain in the Attica region and a prominent feature of the Athenian Basin. The range lies at the northern edge of Attica and forms a natural boundary with Boeotia, offering extensive views of the surrounding plains and the Saronic Gulf on clear days.

Geography and environment: The highest peak rises to about 1,400 meters above sea level. The massif is largely composed of limestone and dolomite, and its forests transition from Mediterranean scrub at lower elevations to fir and pine at higher elevations. The summit area is exposed and typically cooler and wetter than the lowlands, with occasional snow in winter.

Conservation and ecology: Parnitha is home to Parnitha National Park, a protected area established to conserve its forests and biodiversity and to regulate tourism. The park is part of the Natura 2000 network and supports a range of flora and fauna, including endemic and migratory species. In 2007, widespread wildfires devastated large portions of the forest, after which reforestation and habitat restoration were pursued.

Human use and access: Located within reach of Athens, the range is a popular destination for hiking, nature study, and outdoor recreation. Several well-marked trails lead to viewpoints and springs, and the area is accessible by road from the city’s northern suburbs. The landscape continues to recover from the fires, with ongoing conservation and monitoring efforts.