Parallellogramkoppelingen

Parallellogramkoppelingen, also known as parallelogram linkages or simply parallelograms, are a type of mechanical linkage consisting of four rigid bars connected end-to-end to form a quadrilateral. The key characteristic of this linkage is that the opposite sides are parallel, hence the name. When arranged in this manner, the linkage allows for the movement of the bars in a way that the shape remains a parallelogram throughout its range of motion.

The primary functional property of a parallelogram linkage is its ability to maintain the orientation of one bar relative to another. If one bar is held stationary, and another bar moves, the opposite bar will move parallel to the stationary bar, and the connecting bars will maintain their relative angles. This makes parallelogram linkages useful for applications where a specific, controlled linear or planar motion is required, or where maintaining a specific orientation is critical.

Common applications include pantographs, used for scaling drawings, and some types of suspension systems in vehicles. They are also found in adjustable desks, where a surface needs to be raised or lowered while remaining parallel to the ground, and in some robotic arms where precise, controlled movement is necessary. The simplicity of their construction and their predictable motion make them a versatile component in mechanical engineering. The linkage's operation relies on the geometric properties of a parallelogram, where opposite sides are equal in length and parallel, and opposite angles are equal.