Paraffiinilämmitys

Paraffiinilämmitys, or heating with paraffin oil, is a common method of domestic space heating in Finland and other Nordic countries. The fuel is derived from the refining of crude oil; it is a petroleum-based liquid that burns cleanly, producing less smoke and soot than wood or coal. In a typical paraffin stove, the oil is pumped into a reservoir where pressurized combustion occurs. The stove grate supports a heating panel; when the oil reaches the surface it vaporizes and ignites, creating a steady flame that radiates heat into the room.

The system was introduced in the early 20th century as a response to shortages of coal and the need for an efficient, portable heat source. Modern paraffin stoves are equipped with safety valves, thermostats, and automatic shut‑off features to prevent overheating. Most stoves in Finland are regulated by national fire safety standards, and new units must carry a certification mark.

Advantages of paraffin heating include low operating cost, easy to store, and minimal user maintenance compared to wood stoves. The fuel is readily available in local shops and can be stored in temperature‑controlled rooms, reducing flare‑up risk. However, the combustion emits carbon dioxide and trace pollutants, making it less environmentally friendly than renewable heating options. Proper ventilation is essential to avoid indoor air quality problems, and the oil can cause staining on walls if spillage occurs.

Paraffiinilämmitys remains popular for small apartments, cabins, and rural homes where electric heating is unreliable. Many households use it as a backup heat source during winter power outages. With increasing emphasis on low‑carbon energy, some regions are encouraging a shift to electric heat pumps or biomass while still permitting paraffin as a supplementary heat option.