Paniceum

Paniceum is a genus of annual and perennial grasses belonging to the family Poaceae. These grasses are found in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. They are characterized by their inflorescences, which are typically panicles, though they can sometimes be spiciform or racemose. The spikelets of Paniceum are usually ovate or oblong and contain one or two florets.

The genus encompasses a diverse range of species, some of which are agriculturally significant. For instance, some Paniceum species are cultivated as cereal crops, such as pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), which is a staple food in many parts of Africa and India. Other species are used as forage for livestock. Several species are also considered weeds due to their invasive nature and ability to outcompete desirable plants.

Ecologically, Paniceum grasses play a role in various habitats, from savannas and grasslands to disturbed areas. They can contribute to soil stabilization and provide food and shelter for wildlife. Their reproductive strategies vary, with some species relying on wind pollination and seed dispersal, while others may spread vegetatively. Identification of Paniceum species often involves examining characteristics of the inflorescence, spikelets, and leaf structures.