Pangasiids

Pangasiids are a family of ray-finned fish belonging to the order Siluriformes, commonly known as catfish. This family is native to the rivers and streams of Southeast Asia, particularly the Mekong River basin. Pangasiids are characterized by their elongated bodies, wide mouths, and the presence of two pairs of barbels around the mouth, which help them detect food in murky waters.

The most well-known species within this family is Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, commonly referred to as pangasius or swai. This species is widely farmed for its mild-flavored white flesh, making it a popular food fish globally. Pangasius farming is a significant aquaculture industry in countries like Vietnam. Other genera within the Pangasiidae family include Pangasius and Helicophagus, which also inhabit freshwater environments in the region.

Pangasiids exhibit a range of feeding behaviors, with many species being omnivorous or even herbivorous, consuming aquatic vegetation, insects, and small invertebrates. Some larger species may also prey on smaller fish. The reproductive strategies of pangasiids vary, but many are known to migrate upstream to spawn. Conservation concerns exist for some wild pangasiid populations due to habitat degradation, overfishing, and the impacts of dam construction on their migratory routes. However, the aquaculture of species like pangasius plays a crucial role in meeting global demand for affordable seafood.