Paithan

Paithan, historically known as Pratisthana, is a town in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra, India. It sits on the banks of the Godavari river and serves as the administrative center of Paithan taluka. The name Paithan is believed to derive from Pratisthana, meaning establishment or capital.

Historically, Paithan was the capital city of the Satavahana dynasty, a major power in central India from roughly the 2nd century BCE to the 2nd century CE. Identified with the ancient city of Pratisthana mentioned in inscriptions, it was a significant urban and commercial hub along the Godavari trade routes, contributing to the cultural and economic development of the region.

The surrounding area holds historical and archaeological interest, reflecting a long environment of ancient Buddhist and Hindu influences that are characteristic of the Deccan. In modern times, Paithan is best known for the Paithani sari, a handwoven silk textile renowned for its intricate zari work and distinctive borders, often featuring motifs such as peacocks or parrots. The craft remains an important part of the local economy, produced by families and cooperative weavers in and around the town.

Geographically, the Godavari provides irrigation for agriculture in the surrounding belt, sustaining the rural economy of the taluka. Administratively, Paithan is part of the Marathwada region within Maharashtra and is connected by road to other towns, with the nearest rail and air links available in Aurangabad.

See also: Satavahana dynasty, Paithani sari, Godavari river.