PPKI

PPKI, or the Preparatory Committee for the Establishment of Indonesia, was a crucial body formed in the final days before Indonesia's declaration of independence. Its primary role was to lay the groundwork for the new nation by drafting the constitution and preparing for the transition of power. The committee was established by the Japanese occupational authorities on March 7, 1945, under the name Dokuritsu Junbi Chōsakai, and was later renamed PPKI on June 22, 1945.

The committee comprised prominent Indonesian nationalists and leaders, including Sukarno, Mohammad Hatta, and Radjiman Wediodiningrat. They worked diligently in a series of meetings to address key issues for the nascent republic. The most significant outcomes of their deliberations were the adoption of the Pancasila as the ideological foundation of Indonesia and the drafting of the 1945 Constitution. PPKI also ratified the first provisional constitution and appointed Sukarno and Hatta as the first President and Vice-President of Indonesia, respectively, on August 18, 1945, just two days after the proclamation of independence. The dissolution of PPKI was marked by the formation of the first Indonesian government and parliament.