PPDs

PPDs is an acronym used in several different fields to denote distinct terms. The most common meanings are postpartum depression, para-phenylenediamine, and purified protein derivative. As with many acronyms, the intended meaning depends on the context.

Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mood disorder that can occur after childbirth. Symptoms include prolonged sadness, anxiety, irritability, sleep and appetite disturbances, fatigue, and a reduced interest in usual activities. Onset typically occurs within weeks to months after delivery. PPD affects an estimated 10 to 20 percent of new mothers and can interfere with mother–infant bonding and family functioning if not treated. Treatments include psychotherapy (such as cognitive-behavioral or interpersonal therapy) and, when appropriate, pharmacotherapy (for example, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), with considerations regarding breastfeeding. Regular screening, social support, and involvement of partners or family are important for improving outcomes.

Para-phenylenediamine (PPD) is an aromatic amine used as a dye precursor in many hair coloring products and other pigments. It can cause allergic contact dermatitis and sensitization in some individuals, sometimes after repeated exposures. Safety measures include skin patch testing for dermatitis history, protective equipment for workers handling the chemical, and clear labeling of potential allergens. Regulation of PPD use varies by country and product type.

Purified protein derivative (PPD) refers to the tuberculin purified protein derivative used in the tuberculin skin test to screen for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The test is administered intradermally and read after 48 to 72 hours, with interpretation based on induration size and the person’s risk factors, vaccination history, and exposure. A positive result indicates infection that requires further evaluation to distinguish latent from active tuberculosis.

Context determines which PPD is being discussed.