PDT

PDT stands for Photodynamic Therapy, a minimally invasive medical treatment used primarily for certain types of cancer and skin conditions. It involves the use of a photosensitizing agent, a special light, and oxygen to induce selective destruction of abnormal cells. The photosensitizer is administered to the patient, often via topical application or injection, where it preferentially accumulates in diseased tissue. After a waiting period to ensure sufficient uptake, the targeted area is exposed to a specific wavelength of light, activating the photosensitizer.

When activated, the photosensitizer produces reactive oxygen species, such as singlet oxygen, which cause cell damage and death. PDT can effectively target malignant and precancerous cells while sparing surrounding healthy tissue, making it a valuable option for lesions on the skin, esophagus, lungs, and other internal organs.

PDT is utilized for treatments such as actinic keratosis, basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and certain early-stage lung and esophageal cancers. Its advantages include reduced scarring, minimal damage to neighboring tissue, and the potential for repeat treatments. However, it may cause side effects like skin sensitivity to light, inflammation, and soreness at the treatment site.

Research continues into expanding the applications and improving the efficacy of PDT, including developing new photosensitizers and optimizing light delivery methods. Overall, PDT represents a targeted therapeutic approach that leverages light-activated chemical reactions to destroy abnormal cells, contributing to less invasive cancer treatment options.

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