Ozokerite

Ozokerite is a naturally occurring wax-like substance, also known as earth wax or mineral wax. It is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, primarily alkanes, with a melting point typically ranging from 50 to 100 degrees Celsius. Its color can vary from black to brownish-yellow. Ozokerite is found in certain geological deposits, often associated with petroleum reservoirs, where it forms through the alteration of crude oil. Major deposits have historically been found in regions like the Carpathian Mountains, the United States, and Australia.

Historically, ozokerite was valued for its unique properties. Its high melting point and insolubility in water made it useful in a variety of applications. It was a key ingredient in the production of candles, polishes, and electrical insulation. It also found use in cosmetics, as a component in ointments and creams, and in the pharmaceutical industry for its protective and emollient qualities. In the past, it was also used as a waterproofing agent.

Modern synthetic waxes have largely replaced ozokerite in many of its traditional uses due to their consistency and availability. However, ozokerite still finds niche applications, particularly in specialized industrial processes and in some cosmetic formulations where its natural origin is preferred. Its extraction and refinement involve processes similar to those used for other petroleum-derived waxes.