Osteokonduktivität

Osteokonduktivität refers to the ability of a material to serve as a scaffold upon which bone can grow. It is a crucial property for bone grafting materials, both natural and synthetic. Osteoconductive materials provide a porous structure that allows blood vessels and bone cells to migrate into the graft site. These cells then deposit new bone matrix onto the surface of the osteoconductive material, gradually replacing it as the bone heals.

Commonly used osteoconductive materials include autografts (bone taken from the patient's own body), allografts (bone from a donor), and various synthetic ceramics such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate. These materials are often porous, allowing for vascularization and cellular infiltration. The interconnected pore network within the material is essential for successful bone regeneration.

The effectiveness of osteoconductivity is influenced by several factors, including the material's chemical composition, its surface properties, and its porosity. Materials that closely mimic the mineral composition of natural bone, like hydroxyapatite, tend to exhibit good osteoconductivity. The rate of bone formation is also dependent on the biological environment at the implantation site, including the presence of growth factors and the overall health of the patient. Osteoconductivity does not imply osteogenesis, which is the direct formation of new bone by osteoblasts. Instead, osteoconductive materials facilitate the process by providing a structural framework for endogenous bone-forming cells.