Orsakasökgreining

Orsakasökgreining, often translated as root cause analysis (RCA), is a systematic problem-solving method used to identify the underlying causes of incidents or problems. Instead of merely addressing the immediate symptoms, RCA aims to uncover the fundamental reasons why an event occurred. This approach is crucial for preventing recurrence and improving processes, systems, or products.

The process typically begins with a clear definition of the problem or incident. Various tools and techniques can then be employed to gather information, such as brainstorming, interviews, data analysis, and flowcharts. Common RCA methodologies include the "5 Whys," which involves repeatedly asking "why" to drill down to the root cause, and the Fishbone diagram (Ishikawa diagram), which categorizes potential causes into different branches.

Once the root cause(s) are identified, corrective actions are developed and implemented. These actions are designed to eliminate or mitigate the identified causes, thereby preventing similar incidents from happening in the future. The effectiveness of these actions is then monitored and evaluated. Orsakasökgreining is widely used across various industries, including healthcare, manufacturing, IT, and aviation, to enhance safety, efficiency, and quality.