Orissans

Orissans are the native inhabitants of the Indian state of Odisha, formerly known as Orissa. Geographically, they are predominantly found in the coastal and hilly regions of the state, with a significant presence in urban centers such as Cuttack and Bhubaneswar. Orissan people have a distinct cultural identity shaped by their history, language, and traditions.

The Orissans primarily speak Odia, also known as Oriya, which is an Indo-Aryan language. Their script is based on the ancient Kalinga script, with adaptations from Sanskrit and other regional languages. The Orissan language is rich in literature, with a significant number of poets, writers, and intellectuals contributing to the linguistic heritage of Odisha.

Historically, the Orissans have been influenced by various cultures, including the ancient Kalinga kingdom, the Buddhist and Jain traditions, and the medieval Hindu dynasties. This cultural syncretism is reflected in the state's rich architectural heritage, with iconic sites such as the Jagannath Temple in Puri and the Sun Temple at Konark. Orissan cuisine is characterized by its use of local produce, particularly fish, coconut, and chena (paneer), with popular dishes like khaja and kheuchi (a sweetmeat) being an integral part of the state's culinary tradition.

The Orissans are predominantly Hindu, with significant populations of Christians, Buddhists, and Muslims. Their social traditions are shaped by the traditional communist and caste panchayats (councils), which play a significant role in resolving disputes and governing community life. The Orissans are also known for their skills in marine trade, fine arts, music, and dance, with Odisha being the hub of Indian classical music and dance.