Oorwas

Oorwas, the Dutch term for earwax, refers to the waxy substance produced by ceruminous and sebaceous glands in the external ear canal. In medical terms it is known as cerumen. Oorwas serves to protect the ear by trapping dust and microorganisms, lubricating the canal, and creating a mild antimicrobial environment. It typically moves outward and is shed naturally, helping to keep the ear canal clean.

There are two main types of earwax: wet and dry. The distribution of these types is largely genetic, with wet earwax more common in people of European and African descent and dry earwax more common in East Asian populations. The difference is associated with the ABCC11 gene.

Excessive or impacted oorwas can cause symptoms such as a feeling of fullness, reduced hearing, tinnitus, or itching, and in some cases ear infection. Most people can manage normal hygiene, but removal should be done carefully. Safe self-care includes using cerumen-softening drops (such as mineral oil, glycerin, or saline) or over-the-counter preparations. If wax remains impacted or causes pain, hearing loss, drainage, or bleeding, seek medical evaluation. Professional removal methods include irrigation, suction, or gentle instrumentation performed by a clinician. Avoid inserting cotton swabs, bobby pins, or other objects into the ear canal, as this can push wax deeper or injure the ear.

Oorwas is a normal physiological secretion with protective functions; attention is usually only needed when there are symptoms or signs of blockage or infection.