Odaiko

The Odaiko is a large Japanese drum. Its name literally translates to "big drum" in Japanese. These drums vary considerably in size, with some reaching over 1.8 meters (6 feet) in diameter and weighing as much as 200 kilograms (440 pounds). Historically, odaiko were used in warfare for signaling and intimidation. They also played a role in festivals and religious ceremonies, where their deep, resonant sound was believed to ward off evil spirits and invoke the presence of deities.

Today, the odaiko is most famously associated with kumi-daiko ensembles, a style of taiko drumming that emerged in the mid-20th century. In kumi-daiko performances, multiple odaiko are often played alongside smaller drums and other percussion instruments, creating complex rhythmic patterns and visually striking displays. The physical demands of playing an odaiko are significant, requiring considerable strength and stamina from the drummer. The sound produced is powerful and can be felt as much as heard, contributing to the dramatic and immersive experience of taiko performances. Odaiko are constructed from a hollowed-out tree trunk, typically zelkova or paulownia wood, with animal skins, usually cowhide, stretched and secured over the openings.