Octadecanol

Octadecanol, also known as stearyl alcohol, is a long-chain fatty alcohol with the chemical formula C18H38O. It is the straight-chain primary alcohol corresponding to stearic acid (octadecan-1-ol) and is commonly referred to by this IUPAC name.

Structure and properties: It consists of an 18-carbon aliphatic chain bearing a terminal hydroxyl group. It is a solid at room temperature and is insoluble in water, with higher solubility in nonpolar organic solvents.

Production and occurrence: Stearyl alcohol is produced industrially by the catalytic hydrogenation of fatty esters or by reduction of fatty acids derived from natural fats and oils. It is the fatty alcohol corresponding to stearic acid and is present in small amounts in some fats and oils as part of complex lipid systems.

Applications: It is widely used in cosmetics and personal care products as an emollient, thickener, and surfactant; it also serves as a lubricant and wax in technical applications, and as a starting material for ester and ether derivatives. In cosmetics, it is often listed under the INCI name Stearyl Alcohol.

Safety and regulations: Stearyl alcohol is generally regarded as safe for cosmetic use and exhibits low acute toxicity. Typical handling precautions for fatty alcohols apply, including avoidance of inhalation of dust and proper skin protection in industrial settings. As with all chemical ingredients, compliance with local regulations and safety data sheets is recommended.