OSAX

OSAX refers to Open Scripting Architecture Extensions. It is a framework developed by Apple Inc. for macOS that allows applications to be controlled and automated by scripts. OSAX provides a standardized way for applications to expose their functionality to scripting languages, enabling users and developers to create custom workflows and automate repetitive tasks.

The core of OSAX is its ability to define "scripting dictionaries," which list the commands, parameters, and data types that an application understands and can be manipulated by a script. This allows scripting languages like AppleScript, JavaScript (via JXA), and others to interact with applications in a structured manner. OSAX extensions can be implemented by third-party developers as well as by Apple itself.

Historically, OSAX has been crucial for the automation capabilities of macOS. Applications that support OSAX can be controlled remotely, integrated into larger automation pipelines, and customized to fit specific user needs. The framework ensures a degree of interoperability between different applications and scripting environments on the Mac platform. While newer technologies for inter-application communication exist, OSAX remains a foundational element for scripting and automation on macOS.